Learn Korean | Korean Grammar 128: V-는다고 하다/ㄴ다고 하다 (Korean Indirect Quotation)

In this lesson, we’re going to learn ‘V-는다고 하다/ㄴ다고 하다.’

‘미소 씨가 먼저 간다고 했어요.’

(lit. Miso said she goes first. )

If you want to watch this lesson in Korean with English subtitles, please click the link below.

Korean Grammar Lesson Video 128: https://youtu.be/EsGayQw3knI 

⭐️ Korean Grammar 128: V-는다고 하다/ㄴ다고 하다

‘미소 씨가 먼저 간다고 했어요.’

1. Short Conversation

- 지안: 미소 씨 어디 갔어요?

- 나나: 네, 급한 일이 생겨서 먼저 간다고 했어요.

(in English)

- Jian: Did Miso go somewhere?

- Nana: Yes, she said something urgent came up, so she goes earlier.

→ The grammar we're going to learn today is '간다고 했어요.' Let’s find out today’s grammar.

2. Usage

- Indirect Quotation: It is used when the speaker quotes another person's words or writings (indirectly) from the speaker's point of view.

- ‘-는다고 하다 and -ㄴ다고 하다' attaches after a verb stem.

- '은/ㄴ' is an ending of a word that indicates an event or action has occurred in the present.

- Declarative sentence, ending with a verb, present tense: '-는다고 하다’ is used to quote a sentence that is a declarative sentence, present tense and ending with a verb.

- And instead of the verb ‘하다’, you can also use ‘말하다, 그러다, and so on.'

3. Example Sentences

✎ 미소: “집에 먼저 갈게요.” (→ verb, present tense, declarative sentence)

→ Indirect Quotation: 미소 씨가 집에 먼저 간다고 했어요. (가다 + ㄴ다고 하다)

(In English) 

Miso: I’ll go home first.

→ Indirect quotation: lit. Miso said she will go home first.

- When you look at ‘갈게요’, it ends with the verb. It is a declarative sentence, and it is the present tense.

- If you want to quote indirectly, you can add '-ㄴ다고 하다' after the verb '가다' which is the basic form of '갈게요.'

- And when writing, delete the double quotation marks.

- Then you can say  ‘미소 씨가 집에 먼저 간다고 했어요.’

- Here '간다고 했어요' is a combination of the verb '가다' and '-ㄴ다고 하다'.

- If the sentence you want to quote ends with a verb, is in the present tense, and is a declarative sentence, you can quote it by combining the 'verb stem' followed by '-다고 하다'.

- So, you can say '집에 먼저 간다고 했어요.'

✎ 미소: “점심을 먹어요.” (→ verb, present tense, declarative sentence)

→ Indirect Quotation: 미소 씨가 점심을 먹는다고 했어요. (먹다 + 는다고 하다)

(in English)

Miso: “I have lunch.”

→ Indirect quotation: lit. Miso said she has lunch.

- When you look at ‘먹어요’, it ends with the verb. It is a declarative sentence, and it is the present tense.

- If you want to quote indirectly, you can add '-는다고 하다' after the verb '먹다' which is the basic form of '먹어요.'

- And when writing, delete the double quotation marks.

- Then you can say ‘미소 씨가 점심을 먹는다고 했어요.’

- Here '먹는다고 했어요' is a combination of the verb '먹다' and '-는다고 하다'.

- If the sentence you want to quote ends with a verb, is in the present tense, and is a declarative sentence, you can say it by combining the 'verb stem' followed by '-는다고 하다'.

- So you can say '점심을 먹는다고 했어요.'

4. Combination Information

- ‘는다고 하다/ㄴ다고 하다’ attach a verb stem.’

(1) Final Consonant O: -는다고 하다

- When the verb stem has the final consonant, '-는다고 하다' is used.

- 먹다 + 는다고 하다 → 먹는다고 하다

- When you look at the verb 먹다, remove '다'.

- Then there is the final consonant before '다'.

- Then '-는다고 하다' is used after that.

- So you can say  '먹는다고 하다.’

- 읽다 + 는다고 하다 → 읽는다고 하다

- When you look at the verb 읽다, remove '다'.

- Then there is the final consonant before '다'.

- Then '-는다고 하다' is used after that.

- So you can say ‘읽는다고 하다.'

(2) Final Consonant X: -ㄴ다고 하다

 - When a verb stem does not have the final consonant, '-ㄴ다고 하다' is used.

- 오다 + ㄴ다고 하다 → 온다고 하다

- When you look at the verb 오다, remove '다'.

- Then there is no final consonant before '다.'

- Then '-ㄴ다고 하다' is used after that.

- So you can say ‘온다고 하다.'

- 가다 + ㄴ다고 하다 → 간다고 하다

- When you look at the verb 가다, remove '다'.

                - Then there is no final consonant before '다.'

                - Then '-ㄴ다고 하다' is used after that.

                - So you can say ‘간다고 하다.'

(3) Final Consonant ㄹ: ㄹ drop + ㄴ다고 하다

- When a verb stem ends with the final consonant ‘ㄹ’, delete ‘ㄹ’ and attach ‘-ㄴ다고 하다’.

- 만들다 (ㄹ 탈락) + ㄴ다고 하다 → 만든다고 하다

- When you look at the verb 만들다, remove '다'.

- Then the final consonant is 'ㄹ' before '다'.

- Then, delete 'ㄹ' and then attach 'ㄴ다고 하다.'

- So you can say ‘만든다고 하다.'

- 놀다 (ㄹ 탈락) + ㄴ다고 하다 → 논다고 하다

- Let's look at the verb 놀다. Remove '다'.

- Then the final consonant is 'ㄹ' before '다'.

- Then, delete 'ㄹ' and then attach 'ㄴ다고 하다.'

- So you can say ‘논다고 하다.'

7. Practice

✎ 미소: “책을 읽어요.” (“I read a book.”)

→ 미소 씨가 책을 읽는다고 했어요. (읽다 + 는다고 하다)

✎ 나나: “오늘 지안 씨와 영화를 봐요.” (“I’m going to see a movie with Jian today.”)

→ 나나 씨는 오늘 지안 씨와 영화를 본다고 했어요. (보다 + ㄴ다고 하다)

✎ 미소: “서울에 살아요.” (“I live in Seoul.”)

→ 미소 씨는 서울에 산다고 했어요. (살다 (ㄹdrop) + ㄴ다고 하다)

8. A short conversation 

- 나나: 미소 씨, 지안 씨는 오늘 모임에 나오나요?

- 미소: 아니요. 오늘은 참석하지 못 한다고 했어요. 부모님이 집에 오신다고 그랬어요.

→ 한다고 했어요 (하다 +ㄴ다고 하다)

→ 오신다고 그랬어요 (오시다 + ㄴ다고 그러다)

(in English)

- Nana: Miso, is Jian coming to the meeting today?

- Miso: No, she said her parents are coming to her home, so she can't attend.

✔︎Quiz for ‘V-는다고 하다’ 📥 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AXcbV226uzGkih3Zm2oK8chO-ADLNY64/view?usp=sharing 

[Quiz] Let’s quote the below sentences.

(보기)  미소: “점심을 먹어요.” → 미소 씨가 점심을 먹는다고 했어요.

(Miso: “I have lunch.” → Miso said she has lunch. )

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1. 나나: “커피를 안 마셔요.” → 나나 씨가 __________ 했어요.

(Nana: “I don’t drink coffee.” → Nana said she does not drink coffee.)

2. 미소: “장미꽃을 좋아해요.” → 미소 씨가  ___________ 했어요.

(Miso: “I like roses.” → Miso said she likes roses.)

3. 영준: “도서관에서 책을 읽어요.” → 영준 씨가  ___________ 했어요

(Youngjun: “I read a book in the library.” → Youngjun said he reads a book in the library.)

4. 나나: “수학 문제를 풀어요.”→ 나나 씨가  _______________ 했어요.

(Nana: “I solve math problems.” → Nana said she solves math problems.)

5. 미소: “사랑해요.” → 미소 씨가 ____________ 했어요.

(Miso: “I love you.” → Miso said she loves me.)

Answer

1. 나나 씨가 커피를 안 마신다고 했어요. (마시다 + ㄴ다고 하다)

2. 미소 씨가 장미꽃을 좋아한다고 했어요. (좋아하다 + ㄴ다고 하다)

3. 영준 씨가 도서관에서 책을 읽는다고 했어요. (읽다 + 는다고 하다)

4. 나나 씨가 수학 문제를 푼다고 했어요. (풀다 (ㄹ drop) + ㄴ다고 하다)

5. 미소 씨가 사랑한다고 했어요. (사랑하다 + ㄴ다고 하다)

✔︎ More videos on Korean Grammar: http://bit.ly/basickoreangrammar 

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